Render pipelines introduction

A render pipeline performs a series of operations that take the contents of a Scene, and displays them on a screen. At a high level, these operations are:

• Culling
• Rendering
• Post-processing

Different render pipelines have different capabilities and performance characteristics, and are suitable for different games, applications, and platforms.

It can be difficult to switch a Project from one render pipeline to another, because different render pipelines use different shader outputs, and might not have the same features. It is therefore important to understand the different render pipelines that Unity provides, so that you can make the right decision for your project early in development.

Choosing which render pipeline to use

Unity offers the following render pipelines:

• The Built-in Render Pipeline is Unity’s default render pipeline. It is a general-purpose render pipeline that has limited options for customization.
• The Universal Render Pipeline (URP) is a Scriptable Render Pipeline that is quick and easy to customize, and lets you create optimized graphics across a wide range of platforms.
• The High Definition Render Pipeline (HDRP) is a Scriptable Render Pipeline that lets you create cutting-edge, high-fidelity graphics on high-end platforms.
• You can create your own custom render pipeline using Unity’s Scriptable Render Pipeline API.